????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ???????? (DNS) ????? ???? ????? ?????????? ?????? ??????. ???? DNS ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ????????? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? IP ???????. ???? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ?????????? ??? ?????? IP ??????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ????. ?? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ???? DNS? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? DNS ?????? ?? ?? Nicenic? ??? ???? ????? ?? ICANN.
?? ?? ???? ????? ???????? (DNS)?
???? ????? ???????? (DNS)? ?? ?? ?????? "???? ??????" ????????. ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? (??? www.example.com) ??? ?????? IP ????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? (??? 192.0.2.1). ???? DNS? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ????????.
??? ???? DNS
???? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ???? DNS:
-
???? ???????? ?????? ??? ????: ???? ??? ????? ??? www.example.com, ?? ??????.
-
??? ????? ??????? DNS: ???? ?????? ????????? ??? ???? DNS ???? ?? ????? IP ??????? ???????.
-
?????? ???? DNS: ???? ???? DNS ????? IP ??????? ??????.
-
?? ????? ???????: ?????? ?????? ????? IP ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????????.
???? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ????????.
??? ???? DNS ?? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????????
????? ???? DNS ???
???? DNS ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????. ???? DNS? ????? ??? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? (????? IP) ????? ?? ??? ???? ????. ???????? ??? ???? ????? DNS ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????:
-
????? ?????? ??????????: ????? DNS ?? ????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? MX.
-
??????: ???? ????? DNS ???????? DNSSEC (???????? ???? DNS) ???? ??????? ??? ?????? DNS ?? ???? ??????? ???????.
??????? ??????? ?? DNS
???? ??? ????? ?? ????? DNS ???? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ????. ?? ??? ?????? ??????:
-
??? A: ???? ?????? ?????? IP.
-
??? CNAME: ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???.
-
??? MX: ???? ?????? ?????????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????.
-
??? TXT: ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ?? ????? ????? ??????.
??? ???? DNS ??? ?????????
????? ?? DNS ???? ?????
-
???? ??????? ??????? DNS: ????? ???? www.example.com? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ????? IP ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????.
-
????? DNS ??????: ??? ?? ??? ????? IP ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ????? DNS ???? (?????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ??).
-
???? ????? ????? DNS: ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ????? DNS ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? (TLD) ??? .com? .net? ?? .org.
-
???? DNS ????? ??????? ??????: ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????.
-
???? DNS ???????: ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? DNS ??????? ????? example.com? ???? ????? ??? ??? A ?????? ???? ???? ??? ????? IP ??????.
-
???? ????? IP: ??? ?????? ??? ????? IP? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????.
??????? ?????? ?????? ???????
?????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? DNS ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ????????? ????? ?? ?????? DNS. ??? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??? DNS ????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? (???? TTL? ?? ??? ??????)? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ????????.
????? ??????? DNS ?? Nicenic
????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? DNS ????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????. Nicenic? ??? ???? ????? ?? ICANN? ???? ????? ???? ????????? ?????? ??????? DNS ?????? ??. ???? ????? ????? DNS ?? Nicenic:
-
????? ?????? ??? ???? Nicenic ????? ??: ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??.
-
???????? ??? ??????? DNS: ???? ?? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????? DNS ??????.
-
????? ????? DNS ?????? ??: ????? ????? ????? A? ?????? CNAME? ?????? MX? ?????? ?? ??????? DNS ?????? ????? ??? ??????.
-
????? DNSSEC: ??? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? DNSSEC ??????? ?? ????? ?????? DNS ????? ??????? ???????.
???? Nicenic ????? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? DNS ??? ????????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ????? ????????.
??????? ??????? ?? DNS ?????? ???????
1. ???? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ??????? DNS
??? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? DNS ??? ?????? ??? ????? A ?? ??????? CNAME ???????. ????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? DNS ?? ???? ???? Nicenic ??????? ?? ?????.
2. ????? ????? ?????? ??????????
??? ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ????? MX ?????? ??. ????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? MX ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ??.
3. ??? ???? ??????
??? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ????? DNS ??? ?????. ??? ?? ??????? ???? DNS ???? ????? ???????? ?? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? DNS ?????? ????? ???????.
??? ????? ??? ???? DNS ????? ??? ?? ???? ??????. ??? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ???? ????? ???? ?????. ?? ???? ????? ??????? DNS ???? ????? ????? ????? ???? ???????? ?????? ??? ????????.
?? Nicenic? ????? ????? ??????? DNS ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ICANN? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????. ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? DNSSEC ?????? ???? ?????.
???? Nicenic ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????? ????????? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??????.
??????? ???????: ?????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????: ?? ???? "????? ??????? ???? ????? ????????"?
